Scheme of laboratory production of nanofibrous layer

Nanofibres depicted by a Scanning Electron Microscope

In the process of electrospinning the nanofibres are created through an electrically charged jet of polymer solution or polymer melt. Electrospinning process consists schematically of a pipette holding the polymer solution, two electrodes, a DC voltage supply in the kV range (tens of kV), and a grounded collector. The high voltage causes drawing of the polymer drop from the tip of the pipette into a fibre. The electrically charged jets are collected as a web of fibres on the surface of a grounded collector. During their passage from the pipette to the collector a solvent is evaporated, and hence a diameter of the fibres gets thinner.